MOTS-c 10MG CB-4211

MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide that plays a significant role in regulating cellular metabolism, energy homeostasis, and stress responses. Encoded within the mitochondrial genome, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress, where it modulates the expression of nuclear genes involved in antioxidant defense, glucose and lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that MOTS-c enhances insulin sensitivity, promotes glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and improves lipid utilization, contributing to reduced adiposity and protection against diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, MOTS-c activates key metabolic pathways, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, while modulating the folate–methionine cycle and NAD⁺-dependent processes, thereby linking mitochondrial function with nuclear gene regulation. In vivo models indicate that exogenous MOTS-c administration can improve endurance, mitigate metabolic dysfunction, and extend healthspan markers, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for metabolic disorders, age-related decline, and mitochondrial dysfunction.